Senegal
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Senegal, officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country in West Africa.
It is the westernmost country in the mainland of the Old World or Eurafrasia and owes its name to the Sénégal River that borders it to the east and north
Senegal is externally bounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Mauritania to the north, Mali to the east, and Guinea and Guinea-Bissau to the south.
Internally it almost completely surrounds Gambia, namely on the north, east and south, except for Gambia's short Atlantic coastline.
Senegal covers a land area of almost 197,000 square kilometres (76,000 sq mi), and has an estimated population of about 13 million.
The climate is tropical with two seasons: the dry season and the rainy season.
Dakar, the capital city of Senegal, is located at the westernmost tip of the country on the Cap-Vert peninsula.
About 500 kilometers (310 miles) off the coast lie the Cape Verde Islands.
During the 17th and 18th centuries, numerous trading posts belonging to various European colonial empires were established along the coast.
After French colonization of the territory called French West Africa (Afrique occidentale française, or AOF), the town of St. Louis became the capital; in 1902 it was succeeded by Dakar.
When Senegal gained independence from France in 1960, it affirmed its capital as Dakar.
The country is part of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Integrated with the main bodies of the international community,
Senegal is also a member of the African Union (AU) and the Community of Sahel-Saharan States.
Since 2 April 2012, the country's president has been Macky Sall.
Republic of Senegal - République du Sénégal
Motto: "Un Peuple, Un But, Une Foi" (French)
"One People, One Goal, One Faith"
Anthem: Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons /
Everyone strum your koras, strike the balafons
Capital and largest city: Dakar (14°40′N 17°25′W)
Official languages: French
Recognised regional languages:
• Wolof
• Soninke
• Serer
• Fula
• Maninka
• Jola
Ethnic groups:
• 43.3% Wolof
• 23.8% Fula
• 14.7% Serer
• 3.7% Jola
• 3.0% Mandinka
• 1.1% Soninke
• 1.0% European / Lebanese
• 9.4% others
Demonym: Senegalese
Government: Semi-presidential republic
• President: Macky Sall
• Prime Minister:
Legislature: Parliament
• Upper house: Senate
• Lower house: National Assembly
Independence from France: 20 June 1960
Withdrawal from the Mali Federation: 20 August 1960
Area:
• Total: 196,712 km2 (87th) - 76,000 sq mi
• Water (%): 2.1
Population:
2013 estimate 13,567,338 (67th) - 2002 census 9,967,299
Density: 68.0/km2 (134th) - 169.1/sq mi
GDP (PPP): 2012 estimate
• Total: $26.574 billion
• Per capita: $2,026
Currency: CFA franc (XOF)
Time zone: UTC
Drives on the right
Calling code: +221
ISO 3166 code: SN
Internet TLD: .sn
a.
With French Sudan, as the Mali Federation.