Hungary
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 05/2015
Hungary, formally, until 2012, the Republic of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyar Köztársaság) (German: Ungarn), is a landlocked country in Central Europe.
It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, Slovenia to the west, Austria to the northwest, and Ukraine to the northeast.
The country's capital and largest city is Budapest.
Hungary is a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, and the Schengen Area.
The official language is Hungarian, which is the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe.
Following centuries of successive habitation by Celts, Romans, Huns, Slavs, Gepids, and Avars, the foundation of Hungary was laid in the late 9th century by the Hungarian grand prince Árpád in the Honfoglalás ("homeland-conquest").
His great-grandson Stephen I ascended to the throne in 1000 CE, converting the country to a Christian kingdom.
By the 12th century, Hungary became a middle power within the Western world, reaching a golden age by the 15th century.
Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526 and about 150 years of partial Ottoman occupation (1541-1699), Hungary came under Habsburg rule, and later formed a significant part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867-1918).
Hungary's current borders were first established by the Treaty of Trianon (1920) after World War I, when the country lost 71% of its territory, 58% of its population, and 32% of ethnic Hungarians.
Following the interwar period, Hungary joined the Axis Powers in World War II, suffering significant damage and casualties.
Hungary came under the influence of the Soviet Union, which contributed to the establishment of a four-decade-long communist dictatorship (1947-1989).
The country gained widespread international attention regarding the Revolution of 1956 and the seminal opening of its previously-restricted border with Austria in 1989, which accelerated the collapse of the Eastern Bloc.
On 23 October 1989, Hungary again became a democratic parliamentary republic, and is today an upper-middle-income country with a very high Human Development Index.
Hungary is a popular tourist destination attracting 10.675 million tourists a year (2013).
It is home to the largest thermal water cave system and the second-largest thermal lake in the world (Lake Hévíz), the largest lake in Central Europe (Lake Balaton), and the largest natural grasslands in Europe (the Hortobágy National Park).
Hungary
Magyarország (Hungarian)
Motto:
Cum Deo pro Patria et Libertate! (Historically latin)
"With the help of God for Homeland and Freedom!"
Capital and largest city
Budapest
47°26′N 19°15′E
Official languages
• Hungarian
Ethnic groups (2011)
• 83.7% Hungarians
• 14.7% not declared
• 3.1% Roma
• 1.3% Germans
Demonym
Hungarian
Government
Unitary parliamentary
constitutional republic
President
• János Áder
-
Prime Minister
• Viktor Orbán
-
Speaker of the National Assembly
• László Kövér
Legislature
• Országgyűlés (National Assembly)
Foundation
Principality of Hungary
• 895
Christian Kingdom
• 25 December 1000
Golden Bull of 1222
• 24 April 1222
Ottoman rule of Buda
• 29 August 1541
Hungarian Revolution
• 15 March 1848
-
Austro-Hungarian Compromise
• 20 March 1867
-
Treaty of Trianon
• 4 June 1920
-
Third Republic
• 23 October 1989
Joined the European Union
• 1 May 2004
Area:
• Total: 93,030 km2 (109th) - 35,919 sq mi
• Water (%): 0.74%
Population: 2014 estimate
• 9,877,365 (84th)
2011 census
• 9,937,628
Density
• 107.2/km2 (94th) - 279.0/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2015 estimate
• Total: $225.285 billion(57th)
• Per capita: $21,239 (49th)
Currency
Forint (HUF)
Time zone
CET (UTC+1) - Summer (DST)
CEST (UTC+2)
Date format
yyyy/mm/dd
Drives on the
right
Calling code
+36
Patron saint
Saint Stephen
ISO 3166 code
HU
Internet TLD
.hua
a.
Also .eu as part of the European Union.